[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-JP2025101421330667077":3,"related-JP2025101421330667077":30},{"pageSize":4,"id":5,"productLine":6,"status":7,"articleCode":8,"articleType":9,"showStyle":7,"mediaType":10,"articleTitle":11,"coverImage":12,"listImage":12,"introduction":13,"description":14,"nonVipDescription":15,"postTime":16,"viewTime":16,"sortNumber":17,"isFree":18,"isShowList":7,"isRecommend":18,"linkType":7,"isOriginal":6,"hasMiniUrl":18,"hasAdvertising":18,"createBy":19,"updateBy":19,"createTime":20,"visitCount":21,"isLiked":18,"realSearch":22,"isRead":18,"productId":23,"isCollected":18,"collectCount":10,"vipExclusive":18,"allowComment":7,"style":24,"canCopy":18,"likeCount":25,"seoKeywords":15,"articleModuleVoList":26,"extendContentList":27,"noteCount":18,"categoryList":28,"dailyKeywordList":29},10,7636,"1",1,"JP2025101421330667077","1041018",3,"真正让人变富的，是「破坏」丨2025诺奖","https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jane7.com\u002Fe02744b9-5027-4e5b-bc55-efaeb52e9813.jpg","无论是国家还是个人，长期的繁荣，最终都源于一种能拥抱「创造性破坏」的勇气和智慧","\u003Cdiv>\n \u003Csection data-pm-slice=\"3 3 []\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;outline: 0px;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;line-height: 1.5em;visibility: visible;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;\">\n  \u003Cspan style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(98, 90, 90);visibility: visible;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\" style=\"visibility: visible;\">点击\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n  \u003Cspan style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(0, 122, 170);visibility: visible;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\" style=\"visibility: visible;\"> “简七读财”\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n  \u003Cspan style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(98, 90, 90);visibility: visible;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\" style=\"visibility: visible;\">，发送消息“\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n  \u003Cspan style=\"font-weight: bold;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;visibility: visible;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);background-color: rgb(255, 254, 213);\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\" style=\"visibility: visible;\">理财\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n  \u003Cspan style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 2px;font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(98, 90, 90);visibility: visible;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\" style=\"visibility: visible;\">”\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n \u003C\u002Fsection>\n \u003Csection style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-family: -apple-system, "system-ui", "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;visibility: visible;line-height: 1.5em;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;\">\n  \u003Cspan style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 2px;visibility: visible;\">\u003Cspan style=\"outline: 0px;font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(98, 90, 90);caret-color: rgb(98, 90, 90);visibility: visible;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\" style=\"visibility: visible;\">小白轻松入门~\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\n \u003C\u002Fsection>\n \u003Csection nodeleaf=\"\" style=\"text-align: center;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;visibility: visible;\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jane7.com\u002F78c31844-c4db-4963-bb09-5ed3572fb9b2.jpg\">\n \u003C\u002Fsection>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">你有没有想过——\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">在几千年的漫长岁月里，人类几乎一直在「原地踏步」：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">农民依旧面朝黄土背朝天，工匠的工具几百年都没变。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">可就在最近两三百年，我们的世界突然「加速」了：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">电灯、汽车、互联网、人工智能……每一代人都活在上一代人想象不到的世界里。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">为什么从\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">停滞几千年\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">到\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">爆炸式增长\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，只用了短短几百年？\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">这个问题，几乎是现代经济学的\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan data-pm-slice=\"1 1 ["para",{"tagName":"p","attributes":{"style":"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;"},"namespaceURI":"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxhtml"}]\" leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">终极之问\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan data-pm-slice=\"1 1 ["para",{"tagName":"p","attributes":{"style":"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;"},"namespaceURI":"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxhtml"}]\" leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">。 \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">而就在本周一，2025年诺贝尔经济学奖给出了答案：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">三位终身追问这个问题的学者，乔尔·莫基尔（Joel Mokyr）、菲利普·阿吉翁（Philippe Aghion）和彼得·豪伊特（Peter Howitt）摘得桂冠。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Csection nodeleaf=\"\" style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jane7.com\u002F10d4e62c-e314-4aac-a05f-714e809cd5a7.jpg\">\n \u003C\u002Fsection>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">如果你没时间啃「烧脑」的经济学论文，看完这篇文章也能明白：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">为什么\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">创新\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，才是推动人类社会持续向前的真正引擎。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Csection nodeleaf=\"\" style=\"margin: 0 16px;padding: 0px;\">\n  \u003Cimg alt=\"图片\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jane7.com\u002F3c8124bd-bcd5-409f-bc25-45ee6fde9eb8.jpg\">\n \u003C\u002Fsection>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin: 0 16px 16px 16px;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;color: #de7802;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">01\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">首先，对于「经济为啥会增长」这个问题，传统的经济学给出的答案，有点像一份「炖汤食谱」。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">这个食谱告诉你：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">想要经济增长，你需要两样主要的「食材」——更多的\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#de7802;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">资本\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（钱和机器）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">和更多的\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#de7802;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">劳动力\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（人和时间）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">把这两样东西放进锅里，经济就能增长了。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">至于那个最关键的「火」，也就是\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#de7802;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">技术进步\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，传统理论觉得它更像「天降神火」，是凭空出现的，经济学家们也解释不清楚。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">这个说法，在很长一段时间里似乎也说得通。但它很快就遇到了无法回答的难题：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">-如果增长只靠「堆钱」和「堆人」，\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">那为什么很多资源丰富的国家，经济却长期停滞？\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">-为什么同样是投入资本和劳动力，\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">有些国家能爆发出惊人的技术创新，而有些却只能做\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">世界工厂\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">？\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">很明显，那个最关键的「火」，也就是「创新」，绝不是凭空出现的，它背后一定有更深层次的规律。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Csection nodeleaf=\"\" style=\"margin: 0 16px;padding: 0px;\">\n  \u003Cimg alt=\"图片\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jane7.com\u002F714395bb-b93d-4932-990b-54346766d579.jpg\">\n \u003C\u002Fsection>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin: 0 16px 16px 16px;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;color: #de7802;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">02\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">今年的三位诺奖得主，正是破解这个「创新之火」奥秘的人。他们从两个不同的角度，完美地回答了这个问题。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">首先，是经济史学家乔尔·莫基尔。他回答的是：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">火\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">是怎么被点燃的？\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">莫基尔教授像一位历史侦探，他发现在工业革命之前，人类的知识是「割裂」的。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">一种是工匠们掌握的「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#de7802;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">规范性知识\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」：他们知道「某种方法可行」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（比如怎么烧制更坚固的瓷器）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，但不知道「为什么可行」。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">另一种是科学家们研究的「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#de7802;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">命题性知识\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」：他们知道「为什么」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（比如物理定律）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，但这些理论和工匠们的实际操作没什么关系。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">这两拨人\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">各玩各的\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，导致零星的技术火花总是很快熄灭，无法形成燎原之火。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">转折点发生在16-17世纪的欧洲启蒙运动，莫基尔将其称为「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#de7802;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">工业启蒙\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">那个时代，一个全新的文化诞生了：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">人们开始系统性地追问\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">为什么\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，强调精确测量和可重复的实验。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">科学家和工程师、工匠们开始\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">密切合作\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，形成了「有用知识」的持续流动。比如，对大气压的科学认知，直接推动了蒸汽机的改良。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">莫基尔的结论是：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"background-color:rgba(254, 212, 164, 0.8);\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">持续的经济增长，根植于一种鼓励求真、包容变革的文化和制度。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">如果说经济增长是火箭，那制度就是燃料，而思想开放，则是那个最关键的「点火装置」。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">接着，是经济学家阿吉翁和豪伊特。他们回答的是：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">火\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">是怎么持续燃烧的？\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">他们揭示了，创新如何成为经济增长的「持续引擎」。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Csection nodeleaf=\"\" style=\"margin: 0 16px;padding: 0px;\">\n  \u003Cimg alt=\"图片\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jane7.com\u002F623d9410-8170-438a-96e8-e77c7108c9e0.jpg\">\n \u003C\u002Fsection>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin: 0 16px 16px 16px;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;color: #de7802;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">03\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">但在他们给出答案之前，我们必须先了解一个长久以来困扰着经济学家的「世纪之争」：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">到底什么更能激励创新？是\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">垄断\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">还是残酷的\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">竞争\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">？\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">长久以来，经济学家们为此分成了两大阵营——\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#de7802;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">1）熊彼特阵营（支持垄断）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">以「创造性破坏」的提出者熊彼特为代表，他们认为\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">垄断者最有动力创新\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">因为他们手握超额利润，有雄厚的资本去投入高风险的研发\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（一个吃不饱饭的公司，通常是没有余力去搞创新的）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">；\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">同时，创新的目的就是为了维持并延长自己的垄断地位。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#de7802;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">2）阿罗阵营（支持竞争）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">以另一位诺奖得主肯尼斯·阿罗为代表，他们认为\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">竞争者才最有动力创新\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">因为对于一个垄断者来说，如果旧产品卖得好，通常没有动力「自我革命」，用新产品替代自己的旧产品；\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">而对于一个在激烈竞争中挣扎的企业来说，一旦创新成功，就意味着能从追赶者一跃成为「市场霸主」，这种改变命运的激励是无与伦比的。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">那么，到底谁是对的？这场世纪之争，正是由阿吉翁和豪伊特的天才模型所终结的。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">他们将熊彼特提出的「创造性破坏」理论，变成了一个可以计算和分析的数学模型。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">让我们解剖一下这个模型的精髓。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">在他们1992年的开创性论文《通过创造性破坏实现的增长》中，我们可以找到一个奠基石般的公式\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（公式2.12）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Csection nodeleaf=\"\" style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jane7.com\u002Fa714b898-6118-45ca-958d-8025601c2e49.jpg\">\n \u003C\u002Fsection>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">它描述的是一个动态的过程：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">一项「未来」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（t+1时期）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">的创新的预期价值\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（Vt+1）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，等于它成功后能赚到的利润\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（πt+1）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，并被「更遥远的未来」的创新速度\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（λφ(nt+1)）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">所折现。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">看起来有点头晕？我们可以把它简化一下，去掉时间维度，看看各个要素之间的核心关系：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Csection nodeleaf=\"\" style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jane7.com\u002Fd656e752-add8-4bc3-9f42-c18edced5ab5.jpg\">\n \u003C\u002Fsection>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">现在，这个简化版的公式就非常直观了：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cul class=\"list-paddingleft-1\" style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin: 0;padding-left: 30px;\">\n  \u003Cli>\u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;line-height: 2em;margin: 0;display: inline;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">分子 π (Pi)\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，代表\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">创新成功后你能赚到的垄断利润\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\n \u003C\u002Ful>\n \u003Cul class=\"list-paddingleft-1\" style=\"list-style-type: disc;margin: 0;padding-left: 30px;\">\n  \u003Cli>\u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;line-height: 2em;margin: 0;display: inline;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">分母是你的「风险」：其中\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">r\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">代表\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">时间的成本\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（比如利率）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，而最关键的部分是\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">λφ(n)\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，它代表\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">下一个创新出现的速度\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fli>\n \u003C\u002Ful>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">*这个速度，取决于整个社会投入研发的努力程度（n）。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">现在，请注意这个公式最「魔鬼」的细节：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">下一个创新出现的速度\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（λφ(n)）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，是在分母里的。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">这意味着什么？\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">意味着未来的创新越快、越频繁，你当前这项创新的价值\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（V）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">就越低，因为你的垄断地位很快就会被下一个更强的创新者「破坏」掉。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">这个公式揭示了一个关键矛盾：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">当前创新的价值，恰恰取决于未来创新的速度。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">正是这个悖论般的关系，同时解释了熊彼特和阿罗的观点，并直接推导出一个著名的「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#de7802;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">倒U型曲线\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Csection nodeleaf=\"\" style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jane7.com\u002F5970a4ea-1c98-4f6c-a18e-a8fe8d7abb71.jpg\">\n \u003C\u002Fsection>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">创新活力和竞争强度之间，既不是由「垄断者」引领创新，也不是\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan data-pm-slice=\"1 1 ["para",{"tagName":"p","attributes":{"style":"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;"},"namespaceURI":"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxhtml"}]\" leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">越竞争越创新\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan data-pm-slice=\"1 1 ["para",{"tagName":"p","attributes":{"style":"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;"},"namespaceURI":"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxhtml"}]\" leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">的线性关系， 而是一个\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan data-pm-slice=\"1 1 ["para",{"tagName":"p","attributes":{"style":"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;"},"namespaceURI":"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxhtml"}]\" leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">先升后降\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan data-pm-slice=\"1 1 ["para",{"tagName":"p","attributes":{"style":"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;"},"namespaceURI":"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxhtml"}]\" leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">的倒U型关系\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">只有在竞争适中的情况下，垄断者害怕被颠覆，挑战者又能看到成功的希望，大家都铆足了劲搞研发，整个社会的创新活力才最强。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Csection nodeleaf=\"\" style=\"margin: 0 16px;padding: 0px;\">\n  \u003Cimg alt=\"图片\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jane7.com\u002F35e9d337-7db6-426d-bc2d-2b9e310a7e5e.jpg\">\n \u003C\u002Fsection>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin: 0 16px 16px 16px;line-height: 2em;text-align: center;color: #de7802;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">04\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">这些听起来有些抽象的理论，其实对我们当下的生活有着极强的现实意义。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">比如，它深刻地解释了我们国家发展「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#de7802;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">新质生产力\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」和「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#de7802;\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">反内卷\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」的内在逻辑。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">一个健康的经济体，既要通过反垄断来防止巨头「躺平」，也要避免让所有企业都陷入「价格战」的泥潭，从而扼杀创新利润。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">当美团、饿了么的竞争进入\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan data-pm-slice=\"1 1 ["para",{"tagName":"p","attributes":{"style":"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;"},"namespaceURI":"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxhtml"}]\" leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">9块9大战\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan data-pm-slice=\"1 1 ["para",{"tagName":"p","attributes":{"style":"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;"},"namespaceURI":"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxhtml"}]\" leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">时，双方都无力投资真正的技术创新\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（如无人配送）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">。 因为价格战榨干了利润空间\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（π趋近于0）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，谁也赚不到研发的钱。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">这就是\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan data-pm-slice=\"1 1 ["para",{"tagName":"p","attributes":{"style":"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;"},"namespaceURI":"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxhtml"}]\" leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">过度竞争扼杀创新\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan data-pm-slice=\"1 1 ["para",{"tagName":"p","attributes":{"style":"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;"},"namespaceURI":"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxhtml"}]\" leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">的典型案例。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">政府的产业政策，就像一个高明的厨师，需要精准把握竞争的「火候」，\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">努力将行业竞争维持在\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">倒U型曲线\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">那个最高效的区间。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">话说回来，今年的诺奖得主阿吉翁\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color:#646a73;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">（获奖图片里位于中间的那位）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">，除了是一位顶尖的经济学家，他的母亲还是著名时装品牌Chloé的创始人。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">在一个充满艺术气息的家庭长大，他却最终选择了硬核的数学和经济学。或许正是这种跨界的背景，让他能从一个更宏大的视角，看待经济体那种在「毁灭」与「新生」中不断演化的动态之美。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">虽然新科诺奖得主的理论听起来很复杂，但也提醒我们，\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"background-color:rgba(254, 212, 164, 0.8);\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">无论是国家还是个人，长期的繁荣，最终都源于一种能拥抱\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"background-color:rgba(254, 212, 164, 0.8);\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">「\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"background-color:rgba(254, 212, 164, 0.8);\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">创造性破坏\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"background-color:rgba(254, 212, 164, 0.8);\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">」\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"background-color:rgba(254, 212, 164, 0.8);\">\u003Cstrong>\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">的勇气和智慧。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">p.s. 如果你对往年诺贝尔经济学奖得主感兴趣，可以点击：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Ca class=\"normal_text_link\" data-linktype=\"2\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmp.weixin.qq.com\u002Fs?__biz=MjM5MzA3MjI2NQ==&mid=2650674195&idx=1&sn=d52ef3e012c695dfe9f42928b6fefa17&scene=21#wechat_redirect\" linktype=\"text\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 82, 255);;color:#409eff\" target=\"_blank\" textvalue=\"\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 14px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);\" textstyle=\"\">2024年：想致富，拼制度｜2024诺贝尔经济学奖\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Ca class=\"normal_text_link\" data-linktype=\"2\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmp.weixin.qq.com\u002Fs?__biz=MjM5MzA3MjI2NQ==&mid=2650670826&idx=1&sn=1ced9d4baa9185b17fc848f86c874d94&scene=21#wechat_redirect\" linktype=\"text\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 82, 255);;color:#409eff\" target=\"_blank\" textvalue=\"\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 14px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);\" textstyle=\"\">2023年：当妈妈是最棒的工作，但没有钱\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Ca class=\"normal_text_link\" data-linktype=\"2\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmp.weixin.qq.com\u002Fs?__biz=MjM5MzA3MjI2NQ==&mid=2650666726&idx=1&sn=7379e6b0ca0464a04a9d43527100dc77&scene=21#wechat_redirect\" linktype=\"text\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 82, 255);;color:#409eff\" target=\"_blank\" textvalue=\"\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 14px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);\" textstyle=\"\">2022年：如果你不再相信银行…\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Ca class=\"normal_text_link\" data-linktype=\"2\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fmp.weixin.qq.com\u002Fs?__biz=MjM5MzA3MjI2NQ==&mid=2650634815&idx=1&sn=ae2d314be0508e69badab3633b88893e&chksm=be954fd989e2c6cfb8406c52e5d6e6d9f28661d4d4ce78b311c1b48c60c7defe315e369f0594&scene=21#wechat_redirect\" linktype=\"text\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 82, 255);;color:#409eff\" target=\"_blank\" textvalue=\"\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 14px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);\" textstyle=\"\">2020年：靠「拍卖」赚了1200亿，这个诺奖实至名归\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Ca class=\"normal_text_link\" data-linktype=\"2\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fmp.weixin.qq.com\u002Fs?__biz=MjM5MzA3MjI2NQ==&mid=2650611560&idx=1&sn=468d32eef3606ce7b7b464ffdfca5191&chksm=be952a8e89e2a398fb36817b4a226487875670f6876c49e6583e2a3f0dce13a19c4c4e73ce12&scene=21#wechat_redirect\" linktype=\"text\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 82, 255);;color:#409eff\" target=\"_blank\" textvalue=\"\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 14px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);\" textstyle=\"\">2019年：高工资，到底和什么有关？\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Ca class=\"normal_text_link\" data-linktype=\"2\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fmp.weixin.qq.com\u002Fs?__biz=MjM5MzA3MjI2NQ==&mid=2650611496&idx=1&sn=6fc3a98fa85ec6987e14d3b6fc3342f6&chksm=be952ace89e2a3d824aceda483e3a641edee1a487f6378ed65fbd1c912fbf41b2e70080a73e4&scene=21#wechat_redirect\" linktype=\"text\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 82, 255);;color:#409eff\" target=\"_blank\" textvalue=\"\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 14px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);\" textstyle=\"\">2018年：年入7.5万美元就挺好，赚得多不一定幸福\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Ca class=\"normal_text_link\" data-linktype=\"2\" href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fmp.weixin.qq.com\u002Fs?__biz=MjM5MzA3MjI2NQ==&mid=2650615248&idx=1&sn=eeefe9e96de09230883fb1d082bd7e0c&chksm=be95183689e291202bf648dfab04c6527e2bb4186a73526b65e5f6be930a59972f365d5462ef&scene=21#wechat_redirect\" linktype=\"text\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 82, 255);;color:#409eff\" target=\"_blank\" textvalue=\"\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 14px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);\" textstyle=\"\">2017年：他说，懒不是你一个人的错\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n \u003Cp style=\"font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);visibility: visible;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;line-height: 2em;\">\u003Cspan leaf=\"\">晚安\u003Cimg src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jane7.com\u002F0bf73871-92aa-4d01-8f07-8999eb0267a9.jpg\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>","","2025-10-14 21:30:00",100,0,"py自动生成","2025-10-14 21:33:06",30,false,17794,"1038002",4,[],[],[],[],[31],{"pageSize":4,"articleWikiId":32,"wikiName":33,"articleCode":34,"locationType":35,"sortNumber":36,"articleTitle":37,"introduction":38,"coverImage":39,"likeCount":18,"realSearch":22,"createTime":40,"seoUrl":41,"seoKeywords":42},97,"理财产品","JP2020061821353578870",2,20200618,"1700亿抗疫特别国债来了，普通个人也能买，抢吗？","抗疫特别国债的投资细节，终于落地啦！赶紧和大家聊一聊~","https:\u002F\u002Fimage.jane7.com\u002F5028228b-0362-4027-bf4a-fe851d048900.png","2020-06-18 21:35:35","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.jane7.com\u002Farticle-financing-JP2020061821353578870-97.html","债券投资,低风险投资,财经新闻"]